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WHAT IS ORCHESTRATION?

Orchestration, a difficult word, isn’t it? Not many of us have heard this word before cloud computing came in demand. Well let’s try to simplify this difficult word. Synonyms: Arrange, coordinate, manage, setup, organize, put together, plan, mobilize. Antonyms: Divide, separate, disorganize, ignore Did you get it? No? Don’t worry, I have a short article to describe this. Orchestration is automating tasks on cloud or on premises on large scale. So, does it mean automation, well, not actually, but yes, somewhat it’s the same. The difference is:  Automation refers to making a single task to run without human intervention  While orchestration refers to automating multiple tasks in a large scale Definition: Automation: The definition of automation says to run a single task on its own, this task can be anything like launching an application, starting or stopping a service, communicating with other application or service.   Orchestration: The definition says, orchestration incl...
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IDENTIFY OS FROM TTL (TIME TO LIVE) VALUE

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Do you know that it can be determined from TTL response that the responding device is using which operating system?   TTL means Time to Live in IPv4, and Hop Limit in IPv6, is a component of Ping command. Ping command operates by sending Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo Request packets to the target host and waiting for a reply. While pinging any server from you will get response with certain values where TTL is also shown. TTL is number of hops of a packet travels before getting discarded. TTL travers through many routers to reach to respond to origin. Each router it passes, reduces TTL count by 1 when a packet passes through it. You can see in the below illustration.   Different operating systems responds with different value. Unix / Linux – 64 Windows – 128, Solaris/AIX – 265   Let’s test this with Linux.org. If you ping linux.org you will get TTL=56 then if you tracert linux.org you will get 8 hops. To identify responding operating system, you...
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IMPORTANCE OF CPU SPEED OR PROCESSOR SPEED AND MEMORY

  Introduction A very common question is, which is more important, the processor speed or the amount memory. This is a difficult question to answer, so we have to understand what each component does and how they relate to each other. This information will strive to teach you the basic tasks of memory and the CPU Central Processing Unit (CPU) It is called the brain of the computer, whose job is to take information from the various input devices, like the OS, software and execute them. A CPU executes a certain amount of instructions within a grouping called a cycle. The speed of the CPU is measured in how many cycles it can perform in a given second. A speed of one cycle per second is called a hertz. This is illustrated in the table below: Hertz Term Cycles Per Second 1 Hertz 1 1 Megahertz 1,000,000 800 Megagertz 800,000,000 1 Gigahertz 1,000,000,000 So it is better to have a very high Speed CPU, as more instructions get executed in one second. In early days normal speed of a CPU is ...
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WHAT IS RAID?

Using Multiple Hard Drives for Performance and Reliability Introduction Back in the late 1980's and early 1990's, computer information servers were encountering a dramatic increase in the amount of data they needed to serve and store. Storage technologies were getting very expensive to place a large number of high capacity hard drives in the servers. A solution was needed and thus RAID was born. So what exactly is RAID? First of all, the acronym stands for Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks. It was a system developed whereby a large number of low cost hard drives could be linked together to form a single large capacity storage device that offered superior performance, storage capacity and reliability over older storage solutions. It has been widely used and deployed method for storage in the enterprise and server markets, but over the past 5 years has become much more common in end user systems. Advantages of RAID There are three primary reasons that RAID was imp...
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